Search Results for: fruits and vegetables

Frailty, Sarcopenia, and Nutrition in Patients With Cirrhosis

G&H  Why is it important to identify frailty and sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis? JL  Frailty and sarcopenia are unfortunately prevalent in patients with cirrhosis. Up […]

Understanding the Current Approaches in the Management of IBS-C: A Case Study

Patient Case A 36-year-old woman presents with persistent abdominal pain and constipation (Table 1). Upon inquiry, she states that she has experienced abdominal and bowel-related symptoms […]

Understanding the Current Approaches in the Management of IBS-C: A Case Study

Patient Case A 36-year-old woman presents with persistent abdominal pain and constipation (Table 1). Upon inquiry, she states that she has experienced abdominal and bowel-related symptoms […]

A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Abdominal Bloating and Distension

Abstract: Abdominal bloating and distension are highly prevalent symptoms that can negatively impact quality of life and lead to medical consultation. Despite their prevalence, symptoms of […]

Congenital Sucrase-Isomaltase Deficiency: What, When, and How?

Disaccharidase Deficiency: An Overview for Gastroenterologists Focusing on CSID Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism  Nearly half of the average Western diet is composed of carbohydrates,1 which are […]

An Overview of Fiber and Fiber Supplements for Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Jane Muir, PhD, RD

  G&H  How is dietary fiber defined? JM  The definition of dietary fiber varies slightly from place to place. In general, dietary fiber is a type […]

Implementing Dietary Modifications and Assessing Nutritional Adequacy of Diets for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Nicolaus Nazarenkov, Kristina Seeger, MD, Lori Beeken, RD, Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, MBBS, MPH, Hamed Khalili, MD, MPH, James D. Lewis, MD, MSCE, and Gauree Gupta Konijeti, MD, MPH

  Abstract: Guidelines for dietary recommendations and nutritional therapy for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are lacking, and patients are moving toward popular defined diets […]

Influence of Environmental Factors in the Development and Outcomes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Amar Vedamurthy, MD, MS, and Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, MD, MPH

  Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which mainly comprises Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a term for chronic inflammatory diseases of the gut […]

Clinical Presentation and Approach to Dietary Management of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Nirmala Gonsalves, MD

  Abstract: Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders are a group of disorders that are characterized by chronic eosinophilic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to organ dysfunction and […]

Overview of Current Concepts in Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia and Gastric Cancer

David S. Jencks, MD, Jason D. Adam, MD, Marie L. Borum, MD, EdD, MPH, Joyce M. Koh, MD, Sindu Stephen, MD, and David B. Doman, MD

  Abstract: Gastric intestinal metaplasia is a precancerous change of the mucosa of the stomach with intestinal epithelium, and is associated with an increased risk of […]

Diet and Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Gastroenterology & Hepatology August 2015, Volume 11, Issue 8   Karina Knight-Sepulveda, RD, Susan Kais, MD, Rebeca Santaolalla, PhD, and Maria T. Abreu, MD   Ms Knight-Sepulveda […]

Obesity and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review

Octavia Pickett-Blakely, MD, MHS

July 2014, Volume 10, Issue 7 Octavia Pickett-Blakely, MD, MHS Dr Pickett-Blakely is the director of the Small Bowel Disorders and Nutrition Program in the Division […]

Environmental Influences on the Onset and Clinical Course of Crohn’s Disease—Part 1: An Overview of External Risk Factors

Aamir N. Dam, MD, Adam M. Berg, MD, and Francis A. Farraye, MD, MSc

The pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease (CD) involves host, genetic, and environmental factors. These factors result in disturbances in the innate and adaptive immune systems and composition of the intestinal microbiota. Epidemiologic and migration studies support an environmental component in the development of CD. Environmental risk factors include childhood hygiene, air pollution, breastfeeding, smoking, diet, stress, exercise, seasonal variation, and appendectomy. This review, part 1 of a 2-part series, provides an overview of these external contributors to the development or exacerbation of CD. Part 2, which will be published in a subsequent issue, will discuss the influences of infections, vaccinations, and medications (including antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, and oral contraceptives) on CD. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing, and remitting disease of the gastrointestinal tract manifesting as Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). The development of IBD involves a complex interplay between genetic predisposition and the environment. Genetic factors have been well documented as contributing to the pathogenesis of CD; however, twin studies have shown an important environmental influence on CD.1 Several epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a rising incidence of CD and geographic variation over the past several decades, suggesting an environmental impact on the pathogenesis of IBD.2,3 It has been speculated that environmental factors can influence intestinal permeability, alter the mucosal immune system, and disrupt the intestinal microbiota, thereby creating a predisposition to IBD.4 This review, part 1 of a 2-part series, will focus on these environmental risk factors, including childhood influences, lifestyle choices, seasonal variation, and appendectomy, on the development or exacerbation of CD. Part 2, which will be published in a subsequent issue, will focus on the microbiota and the influences of infections, immunizations, and medications on CD. The Table summarizes childhood, lifestyle, perinatal, and environmental factors.

The Low FODMAP Diet for Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Other Gastrointestinal Disorders

Jane G. Muir, PhD, Grad Dip Dietetics, Peter R. Gibson, MD

Jane G. Muir, PhD, Grad Dip Dietetics Head Translational Nutrition Science Monash University and Alfred Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Peter R. Gibson, MD Professor of Gastroenterology […]

Recent Research on Dietary Therapy for Patients With Crohn’s Disease

G&H  What is the current understanding of the role of diet in the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease? JL  Diet is one of the potential environmental factors […]

When to Order Anorectal Function Testing 

G&H  Why is anorectal function testing important?  AB  Anorectal function tests are needed for 2 reasons: to help providers make diagnoses and to facilitate therapy. Anorectal […]

Lifestyle Modifications for Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

G&H  What is the role of diet and exercise in the treatment of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis?  SZ-S  Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is mainly a lifestyle-oriented disease, […]

Optimizing Nutrition to Enhance the Treatment of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease 

Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) consists of chronic, relapsing-remitting autoimmune diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with an increasing global disease burden. Pathogenetic mechanisms are not […]

Prevention of Esophageal Cancer

G&H  What factors predispose patients to squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma? JC  Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is much more common than esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) in […]

The Role of Diet in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Gastroenterology & Hepatology January 2016, Volume 12, Issue 1 James D. Lewis, MD, MSCE Professor of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine Center for Clinical […]

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